https://wiki.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/index.php?title=Pulseaudio&feed=atom&action=history
Pulseaudio - Revision history
2024-03-29T04:39:07Z
Revision history for this page on the wiki
MediaWiki 1.39.4
https://wiki.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/index.php?title=Pulseaudio&diff=3794&oldid=prev
Aechunt at 02:57, 13 July 2015
2015-07-13T02:57:02Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 21:57, 12 July 2015</td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Use <tt>pavucontrol</tt> to connect sources to the tunnel sink (usually called <tt>pulse@nullsleep</tt>). Volume can be controlled locally, or by running <tt>pavucontrol</tt> via SSH tunnel on <tt>nullsleep</tt></div></td>
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Aechunt
https://wiki.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/index.php?title=Pulseaudio&diff=3741&oldid=prev
Aechunt at 21:03, 2 December 2014
2014-12-02T21:03:56Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 16:03, 2 December 2014</td>
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Aechunt
https://wiki.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/index.php?title=Pulseaudio&diff=3740&oldid=prev
Aechunt: /* Put pulse into system mode */
2014-12-02T18:26:34Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Put pulse into system mode</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:26, 2 December 2014</td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Put pulse into system mode===</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Since system mode is not really supported, we need to do a bit of lifting to make it work. First, go to <tt>/usr/share/doc/pulseaudio/examples</tt> and you will find <tt>pulseaudio.default.example</tt> and <tt>pulseaudio.init.example</tt>. Copy the first to <tt>/etc/default/pulseaudio</tt> and the second to <tt>/etc/init.d/pulseaudio<tt> to ensure that we can configure it for startup. Then, in <tt>/etc/default/pulseaudio</tt>, change the flag <code>PULSEAUDIO_SYSTEM_START</code> to <code>1</code>.</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Since system mode is not really supported, we need to do a bit of lifting to make it work. First, go to <tt>/usr/share/doc/pulseaudio/examples</tt> and you will find <tt>pulseaudio.default.example</tt> and <tt>pulseaudio.init.example</tt>. Copy the first to <tt>/etc/default/pulseaudio</tt> and the second to <tt>/etc/init.d/pulseaudio<<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">/</ins>tt> to ensure that we can configure it for startup. Then, in <tt>/etc/default/pulseaudio</tt>, change the flag <code>PULSEAUDIO_SYSTEM_START</code> to <code>1</code>.</div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Finally, run <code>systemctl daemon-reload</code> to make <tt>systemd</tt> aware of the new init script, and <code>systemctl enable pulseaudio</<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">cpde</del>> to turn it on.</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Finally, run <code>systemctl daemon-reload</code> to make <tt>systemd</tt> aware of the new init script, and <code>systemctl enable pulseaudio</<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">code</ins>> to turn it on.</div></td>
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Aechunt
https://wiki.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/index.php?title=Pulseaudio&diff=3739&oldid=prev
Aechunt: /* Configure the pulse server */
2014-12-02T18:26:07Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Configure the pulse server</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:26, 2 December 2014</td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Now head to <tt>/etc/pulse</tt>. First off, in <tt>client.conf</tt>, set <<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">code</del>>autospawn = no</<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">code</del>>. This will prevent individual instances of pulse spawning and sowing confusion. In <tt>daemon.conf</tt>, make sure the following are set:</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Now head to <tt>/etc/pulse</tt>. First off, in <tt>client.conf</tt>, set <<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">tt</ins>>autospawn = no</<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">tt</ins>>. This will prevent individual instances of pulse spawning and sowing confusion. In <tt>daemon.conf</tt>, make sure the following are set:</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> </ins><<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">nowiki</ins>></div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>daemonize = yes</div></td>
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</tr>
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<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
</tr>
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<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Finally, we need to configure the sinks and authorization. In <tt>system.pa</tt>, replace</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Finally, we need to configure the sinks and authorization. In <tt>system.pa</tt>, replace</div></td>
</tr>
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<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">code</del>></div></td>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> </ins><<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">nowiki</ins>></div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>load-module module-native-protocol-unix</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>load-module module-native-protocol-unix<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></nowiki></ins></div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></code></div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>with</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>with</div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">code</del>></div></td>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> </ins><<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">nowiki</ins>></div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>load-module module-native-protocol-unix</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>load-module module-native-protocol-unix</div></td>
</tr>
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<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>### CSC tunneling</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>### CSC tunneling</div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>load-module module-native-protocol-tcp auth-cookie=/etc/pulse/cookie auth-ip-acl=129.97.134.0/24</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>load-module module-native-protocol-tcp auth-cookie=/etc/pulse/cookie auth-ip-acl=129.97.134.0/24<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></nowiki></ins></div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></code></div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Client config==</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Client config==</div></td>
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</table>
Aechunt
https://wiki.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/index.php?title=Pulseaudio&diff=3737&oldid=prev
Aechunt: /* Configure the pulse server */ remove auth-group=audio for now...
2014-12-02T03:36:14Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Configure the pulse server: </span> remove auth-group=audio for now...</span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:36, 1 December 2014</td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><code></div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>load-module module-native-protocol-unix<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> auth-group=audio</del></div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>load-module module-native-protocol-unix</div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>### CSC tunneling</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>### CSC tunneling</div></td>
</tr>
</table>
Aechunt
https://wiki.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/index.php?title=Pulseaudio&diff=3730&oldid=prev
Aechunt: Created page with "We run the Pulseaudio audio server in order to produce semi-reliable audio tunneling from office terminals to <tt>nullsleep</tt> and the office speakers. ==Pulseaudio basics=..."
2014-11-19T12:20:51Z
<p>Created page with "We run the Pulseaudio audio server in order to produce semi-reliable audio tunneling from office terminals to <tt>nullsleep</tt> and the office speakers. ==Pulseaudio basics=..."</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>We run the Pulseaudio audio server in order to produce semi-reliable audio tunneling from office terminals to <tt>nullsleep</tt> and the office speakers.<br />
<br />
==Pulseaudio basics==<br />
<br />
Pulseaudio has two running modes: per-user and systemwide. Per-user is the default; systemwide is not officially unsupported, but it's classed as "You're probably doing it wrong." Basically, pulse can either start one daemon per user attempting to use audio, or one daemon for the entire system. Due to security reasons, [http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/PulseAudio/Documentation/User/WhatIsWrongWithSystemWide/ system mode is usually wrong], but in our case, it's correct, as <tt>nullsleep</tt> is a multi-user setup and we need <tt>mpd</tt> to be able to access audio even if no user is logged in. Note that in our case, some of the security flaws, like allowing users to mess with others' audio streams, are actually features: anyone in the audio group can mute anyone else's audio if it's being annoying.<br />
<br />
Pulseaudio is modular and supports dynamically adding sinks and sources for audio, and connecting and reconnecting them, changing volume, whatever. I'm not aware of any at the moment, but it would definitely be possible to write a fully-featured switchboard application which could easily rewire audio, run transformations, or generally do interesting things (an example: for someone streaming, make it so that they can hear sounds generated by applications in their headphones, and their own background music, but not the mic, while the stream application gets the application audio and the microphone, but not the background music).<br />
<br />
In our CSC case, we use pulseaudio's network tunneling support to allow routing audio from any office terminal to <tt>nullsleep</tt>. Sometimes it's choppy, sometimes it isn't. We haven't figured out why, and it seems to occur/stop pseudo-randomly.<br />
<br />
==Authorization==<br />
<br />
We need to ensure that only members of the audio group can access the speakers. This is done in two ways. The first is, for the UNIX domain sockets used by applications running on the audio server (currently nullsleep), we restrict them to members of the audio group. Easy!<br />
<br />
For the network tunneling, however, we sadly (depending on your point of view) don't yet have a kerberized tunneling module for pulse, so we have to use a bit more jury-rigging. Pulse supports a few security mechanisms for IP tunneling, and we use a combination of two: a magic cookie, and IP address restriction.<br />
<br />
The magic cookie is very simple in principle: when in use, a pulseaudio client must know the magic cookie known to the server, or else the connection is refused. In order to make this work for all office terminals, we keep two copies of the cookie: one at <tt>/users/audio/.pulse-cookie</tt>, accessible to users in the <tt>audio</tt> group, and one in <tt>/etc/pulse/cookie</tt> on the server. If a non-<tt>audio</tt> user starts up pulse, we have it configured to ignore its inability to read the cookie file, so they simply get normal audio on the machine (for headphones or something) without the ability to tunnel. The pulse server cannot use the <tt>/users</tt> copy because it doesn't have a Kerberos ticket, so we keep a separate copy locally. In the event that these become out of sync, one can be copied over to the other with little fanfare, or new ones can be generated. All that matters is that the files match.<br />
<br />
==Server-side config==<br />
<br />
===Put pulse into system mode===<br />
Since system mode is not really supported, we need to do a bit of lifting to make it work. First, go to <tt>/usr/share/doc/pulseaudio/examples</tt> and you will find <tt>pulseaudio.default.example</tt> and <tt>pulseaudio.init.example</tt>. Copy the first to <tt>/etc/default/pulseaudio</tt> and the second to <tt>/etc/init.d/pulseaudio<tt> to ensure that we can configure it for startup. Then, in <tt>/etc/default/pulseaudio</tt>, change the flag <code>PULSEAUDIO_SYSTEM_START</code> to <code>1</code>.<br />
<br />
Finally, run <code>systemctl daemon-reload</code> to make <tt>systemd</tt> aware of the new init script, and <code>systemctl enable pulseaudio</cpde> to turn it on.<br />
<br />
===Configure the pulse server===<br />
Now head to <tt>/etc/pulse</tt>. First off, in <tt>client.conf</tt>, set <code>autospawn = no</code>. This will prevent individual instances of pulse spawning and sowing confusion. In <tt>daemon.conf</tt>, make sure the following are set:<br />
<br />
<code><br />
daemonize = yes<br />
local-server-type = system<br />
system-instance = yes<br />
allow-module-loading = no<br />
</code><br />
<br />
Finally, we need to configure the sinks and authorization. In <tt>system.pa</tt>, replace<br />
<br />
<code><br />
load-module module-native-protocol-unix<br />
</code><br />
<br />
with<br />
<br />
<code><br />
load-module module-native-protocol-unix auth-group=audio<br />
<br />
### CSC tunneling<br />
load-module module-native-protocol-tcp auth-cookie=/etc/pulse/cookie auth-ip-acl=129.97.134.0/24<br />
</code><br />
<br />
==Client config==<br />
Client configuration is much easier. In <tt>/etc/pulse/default.pa</tt>, add the following somewhere:<br />
<br />
<code><br />
.nofail<br />
load-module module-tunnel-sink server=$SERVER cookie=/users/audio/.pulse-cookie<br />
.fail<br />
</code><br />
<br />
where <code>$SERVER</code> is the hostname of the server to connect to (e.g. <code>nullsleep</code>).<br />
<br />
==Usage==<br />
<br />
Use <tt>pavucontrol</tt> to connect sources to the tunnel sink (usually called <tt>pulse@nullsleep</tt>). Volume can be controlled locally, or by running <tt>pavucontrol</tt> via SSH tunnel on <tt>nullsleep</tt><br />
<br />
==Pulseaudio was written by Lennart==<br />
<br />
Sorry.</div>
Aechunt